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You
are here: Whose Homework Is this Anyway?
At the beginning of the school year, parents everywhere are asking some key questions:
- Should my child have homework?
- If so, how much?
- Should I help my child with his/her homework?
- What types of homework should my child bring home?
- What if my child does not have homework?
- What if my child makes an irresponsible choice and doesn't do his/her homework?
The Purpose of Homework
Teachers, students and parents working as a team can accomplish a great deal. As the school year begins, we need to work together to teach what we expect so all children can learn. When expectations are clear, children of all ages know that homework is part of their academic "job description." Teachers should use homework as an extended learning opportunity. Students need to know and understand the purpose of homework. To provide further clarity, the role of the parent is to provide the time, materials and an appropriate setting for homework plus the expectation that homework is the student's responsibility as a learner. Supervision, guidance, feedback, reinforcement and monitoring progress are important tasks for parents. But it is not the job of the parent to do the homework.
When the question of "why do I have homework" is clearly identified for students and parents, there is a clear purpose for homework. Homework needs to be meaningful, targeted, purposeful and relevant and used in the next day's lesson.
Why is Homework Important?
Homework plays a key role in quality teaching and learning. Homework brings forth prior knowledge so teachers can teach what the student doesn't know.
- helps the student practice new learning, leaving more class time for quality instruction.
- assists in checking for student understanding so the teacher can re-teach as necessary.
- sets the stage for the next day's learning.
- gives more time for drill and practice to "cement" the new learning.
- gives the teacher valuable feedback to monitor student progress.
- can teach students organizational skills and time management.
- demonstrates student and teacher accountability for learning.
How Much Homework?
Homework does not always have to be a paper and pencil task. What we want is evidence of student learning. That evidence can take many forms such as interviews, reading and journaling, graphic organizers, projects, sequence charts, and more.
A guideline to answer the question of "how much" homework is approximately 10 minutes for every grade in school. For example, 40 minutes for a 4th grader is reasonable if the purpose of the homework has been clearly identified. Daily/nightly practice is more effective than week-long assignments turned in on Fridays! I recommend to K-12 teachers that homework be used in some way in the next day's entry task, not only for reasons of accountability, but to help the student and teacher know if there is a significant piece of learning that has been missed or if there is a small segment that needs to be re-taught in a different way, with more specificity.
Stumped by Homework?
Most teachers will check for student understanding of the homework assignment or the special skill that should be practiced prior to assigning homework. However, there are times when your student may need your guidance. Homework should take priority over tv watching, video games, etc., and should not be left to the last minute when the child is tired and distracted. Try these ideas; they will work as they have worked for hundreds of families.
- Does your student understand the assignment? Ask your student to talk through as much as they understand.
- Have your student list the steps necessary to do the homework.
- Does your student have the necessary books and materials he/she needs?
- Are there words or terms your student doesn't understand? Have your student draw a picture or diagram of their understanding. This is an effective practice for middle and high school students as well; they may want to use a graphic organizer to help them sequence their understanding.
- Are there similar examples that can be applied?
- Is the answer reasonable?
- Does your student need to review a previous lesson?
- Take a break; come back to the problem after other problems have been solved.
- Call a classmate to ask clarifying questions.
What If My Child Won't Do Homework?
Homework, as a tool to extend learning, should be the expectation at school and at home. Some schools have homework 4 nights a week eliminating Wednesday nights if that is church night or other all inclusive community activity. Many schools use Sunday, Monday, Tuesday and Thursday nights for homework, leaving weekends for long-term projects. Students involved in athletics and activities should be expected to do homework between events, in the locker room, on the bus, between practices. It should not be an issue of "my child is too involved" to do homework. Research as well as past practices reveal that students who are involved in athletics and activities are usually stronger students. My own daughters grew up doing homework at swim meets, ballet recitals, gymnastics events and horse shows. As a result, they have excellent organizational and time management skills so homework can serve multiple purposes and result in lifelong practices.
For students who make the irresponsible choice not to do homework, logical consequences at home and at school should be the result. First, we need to look at why the student is not doing homework.
- Is the homework at the correct level of difficulty?
- Is the student overloaded?
- Is the student making an irresponsible choice?
- Is it an issue of "power" and "control?"
Let the answer guide you.
Ideas that will work at school and at home…
- loss of privileges, i.e.: tv, bike, scooter, telephone, car, activities, etc.
- a specific time at home with the parent sitting with the student reading, paying bills, etc., while the student does homework.
- modified assignments.
- weekly homework assignment sheet with daily check off of completion tied to active participation points which is part of the grading system.
- alternate assignments if the reading level, for example, is too difficult.
- parents at school following the student schedule for a day (be a kid for a day.)
- loss of athletic or activity involvement until homework is completed.
- short term privileges and rewards.
I hope these ideas will be helpful to both educators and parents. They have worked for me; I gladly share them with you. Have a wonderful school year. I firmly believe that learning is the job description for students. Homework is a tool to extend learning experiences. As adults, I believe we can help structure homework experiences for students that will enhance learning for every student in our educational system.
Judee K. Axelsen, Ed.D. is a Consultant/Facilitator and the CEO of Vision Into Reality and a K-12 Educational Consultant. She says: "As an educator with more than 20 years of experience of working with students, teachers and parents as well as the mother of two daughters, the ideas presented are the result of my experience…and they will work for you! If I may be of help to your school or parent group, please let me know. Check out our website at http://www.drjudeeaxelsen.com for a calendar of school presentations as well a a list of training options.
Dr. Judee K. Axelsen
Vision Into Reality
1526 Alki Ave. S.W. Suite 206
Seattle, WA 98116phone: (206) 935-5063
fax: (206) 935-0677
e-mail drjudeeaxelsen@earthlink.com
website: http://www.drjudeeaxelsen.com
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